* FIGURE 3.5 GRAPHICS - USES SAS/GRAPH  ;
goptions reset=all; 
goptions targetdevice=pscolor;

PROC FORMAT; VALUE X -20-100 = ' ';
             VALUE Y  -.5- 0.5 = 'N=4'
                       .5-1.5  = 'N=16'
                      1.5-2.5  = 'N=25'
                      2.5-3.5  = 'N=36'
                      3.5-4.5  = 'N=100'  OTHER= ' ';

title '  '; footnote '  ';
DATA ANNO; P=.5;  LENGTH FUNCTION $ 6 COLOR $ 8;
    XSYS='2'; YSYS='2'; GP=-1;
  DO N = 4, 16, 25, 36, 100; GP=GP+1;
    MU=N/2; SIG=SQRT(N/4);
    FUNCTION = 'MOVE'; COLOR='CYAN'; Y = GP-.1;
      XX = FLOOR(MU -3*SIG-.5);             XX=MAX(XX,0);
    TEXT=LEFT(PUT(XX,F2.0)); FUNCTION='LABEL';
            X=(XX-MU)/SIG; OUTPUT;
    FUNCTION = 'MOVE'; COLOR='CYAN'; Y = GP; OUTPUT;
      XX = FLOOR(MU+3*SIG+.5);              XX=MIN(XX,N);
    FUNCTION = 'DRAW';
            X=(XX-MU)/SIG; OUTPUT;
    FUNCTION = 'MOVE';Y = GP-.1;
    TEXT=LEFT(PUT(XX,F2.0)); FUNCTION='LABEL'; OUTPUT;
    TEXT=LEFT(PUT(MU,F2.0)) ; X=0; FUNCTION = 'LABEL'; OUTPUT;
  END; GP=-1;

  DO N = 4, 16, 25, 36, 100; GP=GP+1;
     MU=N/2; SIG=SQRT(N/4);
     COLOR='GREEN'; NUP = FLOOR(MU+3*SIG+.5);
     NLOW = FLOOR(MU - 3*SIG -.5);
          PUT 'NLOW = '  NLOW '   NUP =' NUP;
          NLOW = MAX(NLOW,0);  NUP=MIN(NUP,N);
          PUT 'NLOW = '  NLOW '   NUP =' NUP;
        DO XX=NLOW TO NUP ;
        FACTOR = GAMMA(N+1)/GAMMA(XX+1)/GAMMA(N-XX+1);
        Y=GP; FUNCTION='MOVE';
            X=(XX-MU+.5)/SIG; OUTPUT;
        FUNCTION='DRAW';
        Y = GP+SQRT(N)*FACTOR/2**N; OUTPUT;
            X= (XX-MU-.5)/SIG; OUTPUT;
        Y=GP; OUTPUT;        PUT '          XX =' XX;
        END;
  END;

                    DROP FACTOR N XX MU SIG;
                    PROC PRINT DATA=ANNO(OBS=10);
                       SUM Y; BY GP; SUMBY  GP;
DATA CURVES; P=.5;    GP=-1;
  DO N = 4, 16, 25, 36, 100; GP= GP+1; P=.5;
    SIG=SQRT(N/4); MU = N/2;
    DN=MU-3.2*SIG; UP = MU+3.2*SIG; DEL = 6.4*SIG/100;
    DO XX = DN TO UP BY DEL;
          X=(XX-MU)/SIG;
    Y = SQRT(N)/SQRT(2*3.1415926)/SIG*EXP(-.5*((XX-MU)/SIG)**2);
    Y=Y+GP;  DROP XX MU SIG N P;
  OUTPUT; END; END;
           DATA CURVES; SET CURVES; Y=Y+.12;
           DATA ANNO; SET ANNO; Y=Y+.12; when="A";

PROC GPLOT ANNOTATE=ANNO DATA=CURVES;
   PLOT Y*X=GP/NOLEGEND CTEXT=blue VZERO;
   SYMBOL1 V=NONE I=JOIN C=RED w=2 r=5;
       LABEL X = 'Z = (X-MU)/SIGMA ';
       FORMAT Y Y.;
 TITLE 'EFFECT OF N FOR BINOMIALS';
RUN; quit;